33. LeBlanc ES, Janowski J, Chan BK, Nelson HD HRT and cognition: Systematic review and meta-analysis JAMA 2001; 285: 1489 Rigaud AS, Andre G, Vellas B et al additional benefit of HRT on response to rivastigmine in menopausal women with AD Neurology 2003; 60: 148 Rogers J, Kirby LC, Hempelman SR et al Clinical trial of indomethacin in Alheimer's disease Neurology 1993; 43: 1609 Aisen PS, Schafer KA, Grundman M et al Effects of rofecoxib or naproxen vs placebo on Alzheimer Disease progression: a randomised controlled trial JAMA 2003; 289: 2819 Reines SA, Block GA, Morris JC et al Rofecoxib: no effect on AD in 1-year randomised blinded controlled study Neurology 2004; 62: 66 Mega MS, Cummings JL, Fiorello T, Gornbein J The spectrum of behavioural changes in AD Neurology 1996; 46: 130 Ballard CG, O'Brien JT, Reichelt K, Perry EK Aromatherapy as a safe and effective treatment for the management of agitation in severe dementia: the results of a double-blind placebo-controlled trial with Melissa. J Clin Psychiatry 2002; 63: 553 Sink KM, Holden KF, Yaffe K Pharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia: a review of the evidence JAMA 2005; 293: 596-608 Lee PE, Gill SS, Freedman M et al Atypical antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: systematic review BMJ 2004; 329: 75 Therapeutics Today 2004; 4 Advice re Atypical antipsychotics 44. medicines.ie - SPCs of atypical antipsychotics Risperidone and Olanzapine 45. Prescribing update for Old Age Psychiatrists November 2004 Downloaded from rcpsych.ac - 13.4.05.
The following differentiate trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias from each other: 26, 27, 234 Gender: CH is more common in men M: F 3.5-7: 1 PH is more common in women M: F 1: 2.13-2.36 SUNCT is more common in men M: F 2: Duration: CH 15min-3hr; PH 2-45min; SUNCT 2-250s Frequency: CH 1 every other day 8 day; PH 1-40 day; SUNCT 1 day 30 hour Restlessness during an attack: 100% in cluster headache, 50% in paroxysmal hemicrania, 0% SUNCT Episodic form predominates in CH, Chronic form predominates in PH Response to indomethacin is absolute in paroxysmal hemicrania, but indomethacin is ineffective in CH or SUNCT Alcohol frequently triggers CH, occasionally triggers PH and does not trigger SUNCT. 3 4.
ANTIDEPRESSANTS: MCaution: TCAs with high anticholinergic, sedative & hypotensive effects i.e. amitriptyline, imipramine, doxepin, trimipramine ; & amoxapine more dopamine effect EPS side effects If low doses of these TCAs used for pain sleep ; monitor for delirium, urinary retention, etc. MNortriptyline or desipramine are suggested TCA options, with less anticholinergic effects e.g. for pain migraine control ; MFewer drug interactions with citalopram & venlafaxine MSexual dysfunction with nefazodone, bupropion & moclobemide MDiscourage combinations of antidepressants & antipsychotics ANTIPSYCHOTICS: MCaution: Antipsychotics with high anticholinergic effects i.e. thioridazine & chlorpromazine at doses 30mg day ; MLow-dose antipsychotics such as haloperidol 0.25-2mg d, risperidone 0.25-2mg d, quetiapine 12.5-150mg day & olanzapine 1.25-10mg d may be reasonable choices for those elderly in whom an antipsychotic is indicated BENZODIAZEPINES: MMinimize long-acting benzodiazepines clorazepate, diazepam, flurazepam, chlordiazepoxide ; due to increased risk of falls and accumulation, leading to over-sedation, cognitive impairment & confusion MAvoid triazolam Halcion ; due to amnesic effects MMinimize use of short-acting benzodiazepines for longer than 2-4 weeks temazepam, lorazepam & oxazepam ; MConsider SSRIs & venlafaxine rather than chronic benzodiazepines in treating elderly patients with anxiety MWhen discontinuing, convert to a long-acting benzodiazepine dose ie. clonazepam diazepam in equivalent doses ; , then gradually taper over weeks or over several months OTHER TREATMENTS FOR INSOMNIA: MPromote non-pharmacological sleep hygiene measures MAvoid antihistamine sedatives ie. diphenhydramine & doxylamine ; , and barbiturates for treating insomnia MSome low-dose TCA's useful for sleep but tolerance in weeks MConsider low-dose trazodone 25-50mg HS for elderly patients with chronic "sundowning" or night-time agitated dementia, to avoid anticholinergic side effects ANALGESICS: MAvoid certain NSAIDs indomethacin, ketorolac, mefenamic acid, piroxicam ; , meperidine, propoxyphene & pentazocine which are more likely to cause CNS related adverse effects.
The methods of the present invention provide: 1 ; a potent method for rapidly andcarefully screening for new drugs affecting gpc receptors and other ppg proteins, and 2 ; a potent method for cloning new gpc receptors and for probing how the receptors work, for example, indomethacin withdrawal.
A06 VASCULAR HYPORESPONSIVENESS TO VASOCONSTRICTORS IN STEATOSIS INDUCED PORTAL HYPERTENSION IS RELATED TO A REDUCED CYCLO-OXYGENASE ACTIVITY IN METHIONINE-CHOLINE DEFICIENT DIET FED RATS. S. Francque 1 ; , S. Wamutu 1 ; , E. Chae 1 ; , J. Bogers 2 ; , E. Van Marck 2 ; , A. Herman 3 ; , P. Pelckmans 1 ; , P. Michielsen 1 ; . 1 ; Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Antwerp University, Belgium ; 2 ; Laboratory of Pathology, Antwerp University, Belgium ; 3 ; Laboratory of Pharmacology, Antwerp University, Belgium. Introduction : Liver steatosis induces changes in liver blood flow both. The physiopathology of these changes is unknown. Flow changes occur also in portal hypertension, in which vascular hyporesponsiveness to vasoconstrictors, partially NO-mediated, has been demonstrated. We showed elsewhere that steatosis induces portal hypertension in the absence of fibrosis. Aims : To study the vascular responsiveness and the possible role of NO and cyclo-oxygenase in severe liver steatosis without significant inflammation and fibrosis. Methods : Six male Wistar rats were fed a methionine-choline deficient MCD ; diet and 6 the control diet for 4 weeks. After haemodynamic measurements, the abdominal aorta was removed. Liver samples were taken for histology. Vascular rings were mounted in organ chambers. A potassium induced pre-contraction served as reference value 100% ; . Dose-response curves to phenylephrine and acetylcholine were measured and expressed as% of potassium-induced pre-contraction. The dose-response to phenylephrine was subsequently repeated in the presence of an aspecific NO-inhibitor L-NAME ; or a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor indomethacine ; in comparison with a time control. The results were analysed with Student-t-test and best curve fit using GraphPadTM. Results : Severe steatosis was confirmed in the MCD rats. The hepatic venous pressure gradient was elevated, as reported elsewhere. The dose-response curve to phenylephrine showed a significantly lower vascular responsiveness in steatosis [EC50 1.48 10e8 mol L, 95% CI : 9.98 10e9-2.20 10e8 mol L vs. 4.34 10e8 mol L, 95% CI : 3.15-5.99 10e8 mol L and maximal contraction 96.4 2.3% vs. 149.9 3.6%, p 0.0001]. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation was comparable, and confirmed endothelial integrity. L-NAME did not alter the response to phenylephrine. Indomethacine shifted the curve shifted significantly. In steatosis EC50 shifted from 2.45 10e8 mol L to 8.20 10e8 mol L and the maximum contraction from 125.1 3.7% to 84.9 3.2% p 0.0001 ; . In the control group, the shift of the curve was more pronounced : EC50 from 5.38 10e8 mol L to 1.65 10e6 and the maximum contraction from 157.2 9.5 to 61.3 7.6% p 0.0001 ; . The difference between the two groups was highly significant p 0.0001 for the maximum contraction ; . Conclusions : Vascular reactivity to phenylephrine is significantly reduced in severe steatosis, as in portal hypertension, due to a reduced cyclo-oxygenase activity. NO does not play a major role.
Mark Mascolini, Report 3 for HIVpharmacology As the newest protease inhibitor PI ; , atazanavir has won the interest of pharmacologists curious to define its therapeutic range and to predict how people will respond to it. Other PI research presented at the 6th Pharmacology Workshop involved potential links between lopinavir levels and lofty lipids. Defining atazanavir's therapeutic range Stefano Bonora University of Turin ; confirmed his preliminary finding that the therapeutic range of atazanavir stretches from 150 to 850 ng mL [1]. Bonora's analysis involved 51 people, 34 of them men, enrolled in an atazanavir expanded access program. Eleven already had a viral load below 50 copies mL; in the others median viremia stood at 3.5 logs interquartile range 1.79 to 4.9 logs ; . Seventeen people had never tried a PI, and the median number of previous PIs was 1 range 0 to 6 ; Thirty people 59% ; started atazanavir ritonavir 300 100 mg ; . Defining virologic response as fewer than 50 copies mL or more than a 2-log drop in viral load, Bonora counted 40 responders among 50 people at week 12 80% ; and 34 among 45 people at week 24 75.5% ; . At week 24 the atazanavir trough averaged 208 ng mL among people taking unboosted atazanavir and 1046 ng mL among those getting a lift from ritonavir. Comparing 35 week-24 responders and 10 nonresponders, Bonora found three significant differences: Baseline viral load: 2.5 in responders versus 4.6 P 0.008 ; Previous PIs: 1 in responders versus 3 P 0.013 ; Atazanavir trough: 834 ng mL in responders versus 191 ng mL P 0.006 ; Genotypic inhibitory quotient GIQ ; trough number of PI mutations ; : 330 in responders versus 5.8 P 0.019 and
ismo.
We evaluated the association between individual non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs ; and gastrointestinal GI ; toxicity in a retrospective cohort study aimed at examining and comparing the incidence of serious gastrointestinal disorders among NSAIDs users. We observed 2302 GI hospitalizations among diclofenac, indomethacin, naproxen, piroxicam, sulindac and other NSAIDs users in the province of Saskatchewan from 1982 to 1986 for 228, 392 persons who contributed 679, 075 person-years of follow-up and filled close to 1.5 million NSAID prescriptions.
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan M.I., Y.S., Ri.T., H.Ki., T.N., H.Ku. Toray Industries, Inc., Basic Research Laboratories, Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan Ry.T. ; Received May 27, 1999; accepted July 22, 1999 This paper is available online at : molpharm and
monoket, for example, indomethacin eye drops.
Of non-steroidogenic cells on steroidogenesis and prostaglandin production by the human corpus luteum Fertility and Sterility 73 359365 Fulghesu AM, Lanzone A, Di Simone N, Nicoletti MC, Caruso A and Mancuso S 1993 ; Indometyacin in vivo inhibits the enhancement of the progesterone secretion in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone by human corpus luteum Human Reproduction 8 3539 Grazul-Bilska AT, Redmer DA and Reynolds LP 1997 ; Cellular interactions in the corpus luteum Seminars in Reproductive Endocrinology 15 383393 Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J, Skipper PL, Wishnok JS and Tannenbaum SR 1982 ; Analysis of nitrate, nitrite and 15N nitrate in biological fluids Analytical Biochemistry 126 131158 Hurwitz A, Finci-Yeheskel Z, Dushnik M, Milwidsky A, Ben-Chetrit A, Yagel S, Adashi EY and Mayer M 1994 ; Cytokine-mediated regulation of rat ovarian function. Interleukin-1 inhibits plasminogen activator activity through the induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 PAI 1 ; Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 101 307314 Jablonka-Shariff A and Olson LM 1997 ; Hormonal regulation of nitric oxide synthases and their cell-specific expression during follicular development in rat ovary Endocrinology 138 460468 Jaroszewski JJ and Hansel W 2000 ; Intraluteal administration of a nitric oxide synthase blocker stimulates progesterone and oxytocin secretion and prolongs the life span of the bovine corpus luteum Proceedings Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 224 5055 Jawerbaum A, Gonzalez ET, Faletti A, Novaro V and Gimeno MA 1997 ; Nitric oxide mediates human chorionic gonadotropin-induced prostaglandin E generation in rat oocytecumulus complexes Reproduction, Fertility and Development 9 391394 Koos RD 1993 ; Ovarian angiogenesis. In The Ovary pp 433453 Eds EY Adashi and PCK Leung. Raven Press, New York Magoffin DA and Eriksson GF 1988 ; Improved method for primary cultures of ovarian androgen producing cells in serum free medium: effect of lipoproteins, insulin and insulin-like growth factor in vivo. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology 24 862870 Mitsube K, Mikuni M, Matousek M and Brannstrom M 1999 ; Effects of a nitric oxide donor and nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on luteinizing hormone-induced ovulation in vivo perfused rat ovary Human Reproduction 14 25372543 Montrucchio G, Lupia E, de Martino A, Battaglia E, Arese M, Tizzani A, Bussolino F and Camussi G 1997 ; Nitric oxide mediates angiogenesis induced in vivo by platelet-activating factor and tumor necrosis alpha American Journal of Pathology 151 557563 Motta AB, Franchi and Gimeno MF 1997 ; Role of nitric oxide on uterine and ovarian prostaglandin synthesis during luteolysis in the rat Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 56 265269.
O: Controlling population expansion is a very serious and important principle in which every thinking human on this planet should consider. Many should simply have no kids, or they should have only one, and natural attrition will reduce the human population. Unfortunately, everybody doesn't agree with that. There are some groups, especially the superstition-religion groups that are losing members wholesale in today's era of science, who are adamantly opposed to any birth control, and want "everybody" to have as many kids as possible. Of course, they're talking mainly to their own parishioners, but that's the only motivation I can see for such an insane policy. And they're absolutely intransigent on it. Absolutely. People who live in relatively under populated areas think it's OK to have 12 kids, because there aren't as many people around. But then go a thousand miles in any direction and you find places where people can't hardly find a place to lie down. You've got to consider the planet as a whole not just your local environment, when taking such policies. B: Well, we've spotlighted a lot of problems. What do you think would be a good place to start about making some changes, you must have some ideas about that. O: Yes, I do. I think the place you can start is by trying to establish a truly democratic form of government which is responsive to the actual needs and will of the people. You've got to address that, you've got to find the way. We've got a system that doesn't respond to people, it responds to money. And it can convince people of anything it wants. People are holding office whose only job, the only thing they really know how to do, is how to gain office, and how to remain in office. They're governing by means of their advisors and by means of the permanent public service, which is the career part of the government. If you want a career in government, then you go and become a bureaucrat, because career people assure stability and that things keep working from day to day. When the government changes, you don't have a period of confusion for awhile while everybody new figures out how to get a secretary or something. The office already has them, the office is there, the secretary is there, you just move in. The people at the top have to be just ordinary citizens, they have to be regular, working, respected, intelligent, capable members of the community. Whether or not they are very knowledgeable in writing laws, well then, there's the need for advisors again. But they need to be not owned by money interests, or by some other interests, where they will not implement policy that's difficult because it wouldn't get them reelected. The necessary policy is difficult, because it's the cure society needs. You have to somehow eliminate this loaded deck the political systems have been set up based the wording of the Constitution. A Constitution is like the foundation of a building. There's no point in trying to fix the third story, which doesn't isn't straight if the foundation is crooked. All the laws, the Supreme Court and its decisions, and the form of Congress and the people elected to it, and everything else, all have the structure described in the Constitution. It describes who can run for office, who can hold office, how old they have to be, what rules and behaviors are expected of them. All of those things are laid down, and the structure of laws, how the laws are written and how the laws are interpreted and how they're put into effect and so forth, they're all structured according to the underlying framework which is laid down in the Constitution. If there's a problem with the framework, then there's a problem with everything that's built upon it. You can't make the corrections on the third floor, it all comes down to fixing the Constitution. So you can't say, "Gee the Supreme Court said such-and-such, there must be something wrong here". You can't fix it, you can't and imdur.
The following results are out-of-range as reported by the lab ; , and should be carefully reviewed. A G Ratio 98.25% ; The A G ratio is a mathematical relationship between Albumin and Globulin. This ratio is an important indicator of disease states although a high level is not considered clinically significant. Low levels may be indicative of liver disease malabsorption, leukemia, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or bacterial pneumonia. Globulin -65.00% ; Globulin, a larger protein than albumin, is important for its immunologic responses, especially its gamma portion IgA, IGG, IgM, and IgE ; . Globulins have many diverse functions such as, the carrier of some hormones, lipids, metals, and antibodies. Lower levels may be found in immune compromised patients, poor dietary habits, malabsorption, and liver or kidney disease. Drugs which may have an adverse affect: Progestins Uric Acid -64.00% ; Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism and is normally excreted in the urine. Low levels may be indicative of kidney disease, malabsorption, poor diet, liver damage, or an overly acid kidney. Drugs which may have an adverse affect: ACTH, Allopurinol, Aspirin, Chlorothiazide, Chlorpromazine, Clofibrate, Cortisone, Coumadin, Griseofulvin, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Lithium, Mannitol, Methotrexate, Nifedipine, Phenylbutazone, Sulfamethoxazole Chloride 57.69% ; Chlorides significance relates to its maintenance of cellular integrity through its influence on osmotic pressure. It also helps monitor acid-base balance and water balance. Elevated levels are related to acidosis as well as excessive water crossing the cell membrane which is often found in dehydration states. Drugs which may have an adverse affect: Acetazolamide, Aspirin, Guanethidine, Hydrocortisone, Lithium, Methyldopa, Nifedipine, Phenylbutazone Nutrients which may have an adverse affect: Hydrochloric Acid.
The exact mechanism of indomethacin-induced pancreatitis is unknown and sorbitrate.
These drugs are used to treat schizophrenia, delirium, acute mania, psychotic depression, and dementia, although the food and drug administration fda ; recently issued a black box warning against their use for dementia.
FIG. 1. Induction of COX-2 protein expression by NSAIDs. J774.2 cells were treated with LPS 1 g ml for 12 h ; , vehicle, or NSAIDs for 48 h ; at the doses indicated. Cellular proteins were electrophoresed and probed by Western blot with isoenzyme-specific anti-COX-2 sera. COX-2 was induced 10- to 30-fold by 0.5 mM indpmethacin Ind 0.5 ; , 0.5 mM flurbiprofen Flur 0.5 ; , and 0.5 mM diclofenac Dic 0.5 ; but was not detectably induced by 2 mM acetaminophen Acet 2 ; and was only marginally induced by 2 mM aspirin Asa 2 ; . Induction of COX-2 by diclofenac was dose dependent compare Upper and Lower and imipramine.
You play a very important role in helping to prevent medication errors and using medicines wisely. If you believe an error has occurred, call and talk to your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse as soon as possible. Do not take any of the medication until you are assured you have the correct product. Suggest that your health care provider report the error to the USP-ISMP Medication Errors Reporting Program at usp patientSafety reporting mer, for example, indomehtacin patent ductus.
1 The advanced glaucoma intervention study AGIS ; 7. The relationship between the control of intraocular pressure and visual field deterioration. J Ophthalmol 2000; 130: 429-440. MF, Constable PH, Alexander RA, Bhattacharya SS, Khaw PT. Effect of varying the mitomycin-C treatment area in glaucoma filtering surgery in the rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1997; 38: 1639-1646. Chiselita D. Non-penetrating deep sclerectomy versus trabeculectomy in primary open angle glaucoma surgery. Eye 2001; 15: 197-201. Budde WM. Heredity in primary open angle laucoma. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2000; 11: 101-106 and tofranil.
Response Intervention In working with adolescents who have been victims of abuse it is important to: Be sensitive and listen carefully to the client's need. Treat any medical problems. Offer a pregnancy test, if available. Offer information about emergency contraceptive pills. Provide information about or services for STI HIV screening and treatment. Counsel and provide understanding and compassion. Refer to an organization that offers psychological counseling and legal advice, if available. Try to establish a safe place for the adolescent to go temporarily if the abuse is going on inside the home, because indometacin tablets.
Do not take aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflamatory medications. For example, common nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory medications include: Brand names Advil Motrin Aleve Naprosyn Indocin Celebrex Vioxx Generic names Ibuprofen Ibuprofen Naproxen Naproxen Indometgacin Celecoxib Rofecoxib Please ask your doctor about other medications you are taking. Do not eat beef, lamb, and blood products. You can eat chicken and pork. Do not eat raw fruits and vegetables especially melons, radishes, turnips, and wasabe horseradish ; . Cooked fruits and vegetables e.g., canned ; are fine. Do not take more than 250 mg of Vitamin C each day e.g., 2 cups of orange juice or 5 medium sized oranges or vitamins and indapamide.
Indomethacin emedicine
Barbiturates except phenobarbital ; butalbital [Fiorinal], pentobarbital [Nembutal], secobarbital [Seconal] ; Benzodiazepines chlordiazepoxide [Librium], diazepam [Valium], flurazepam [Dalmane], triazolam [Halcion] ; Meprobamate Miltown, Equanil ; Antidepressants amitriptyline [Elavil], doxepin [Sinequan], imipramine [Tofranil], combination antidepressant antipsychotics Methylphenidate Ritalin ; Antiemetic trimethobenzamide [Tigan] ; Gastrointestinal antispasmodics Donnatal with belladonna, clidinium [Quarzan], dicyclomine [Bentyl], hyoscyamine [Levsin], propantheline [Pro-Banthine] ; Antidiarrheals diphenoxylate [Lomotil] ; Genitourinary-antispasmodic oxybutynin [Ditropan] ; Hypoglycemic agents chlorpropamide [Diabinese] ; NSAIDs indomethacin [Indocin], phenylbutazone [Butazolidine], ketorolac [Toradol], mefenamic acid [Ponstel], piroxicam [Feldene] ; Skeletal muscle relaxants all ; NSAIDs nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Information from references 24 and 25.
Drugs 1994; 48 5 ; : 689-70 reed md, blumer jl and lozol.
The chart on the right shows new chemical entities NCE ; and product line extensions PLE ; for projects in the clinic in 2001 and 2005. At the end of February 2006, GSK had nearly 200 pharmaceutical and vaccine projects in development. Of these, 149 are in the clinic comprising 95 NCEs, 29 PLEs and 25 vaccines, compared with 118 in 2001. Since 2001 the number of projects in the late stages of development has increased from 31 to 57. This maturity in the late stage pipeline is expected to lead to an increase in registrations in the coming years. The content of the drug development portfolio will change over time as new compounds progress from discovery to development and from development to the market. Owing to the nature of the drug development process, many of these compounds, especially those in early stages of investigation, may be terminated as they progress through development. Phase I NCEs with multiple indications are counted only once. NCEs in later phases are counted by each indication. For competitive reasons, new projects in pre-clinical development have not been disclosed and some project types may not have been identified.
Indomethacin solubility in water
Synopsis ImmunoGen, Inc. have announced that Boehringer Ingelheim - one of ImmunoGen's collaborative partners has decided to discontinue its development of bivatuzumab mertansine, but is retaining its right to use ImmunoGen's DM1 Tumour-Activated Prodrug TAP ; technology for a different antigen target. Bivatuzumab mertansine consists of the Boehringer Ingelheim anti-CD44v6 antibody, bivatuzumab, and ImmunoGen's DM1 cytotoxic agent, mertansine. Development of bivatuzumab mertansine was discontinued due to the occurrence of skin toxicity in Phase I clinical trials in patients with advanced carcinoma. CD44v6 is expressed on various carcinomas, including squamous cell carcinomas and a proportion of adenocarcinomas. Published data indicate that the CD44v6 antigen also is expressed on normal proliferating epidermal cells and
isoflavone and
indomethacin, for example, indomethacin 25.
FROM ANSEL WOLDT: Dear Perry, Bud and Other Copyholders: First, Perry--I read your well-stated and as Bud said, "eloquent" ; response to the rift report in the newsletter. I appreciate your thoroughness and forthrightness in addressing your concerns. Second, Bud--Thank you for your simple, candid, honest, loving, caring responses to Perry. I wish I had said the same things as that is the way I feel in whatever part I had in the whole "shebang. " Third, Carol, Cynthia, Isabel, Zelda, Sarah, and EC members--I read your messages carefully, downloaded them in running sequence, and reread them with considerable emotion. I feel badly that however hard we not just EC or CPC ; try to do things to the best of our ability and with nothing but good will intended, there is inevitably a down side and hurting hearts. Hopefully we can do as Bud suggested and leave this behind us as the excitement mounts for having our conference. Love and Hugs to You All, Ansel FROM ZELDA FRIEDMAN: Hi Perry and all, Thanks so much for today's note.I have not heard from anyone else and did not receive Ansel or Bud's emails either. Perhaps they were sent out in individual email. For me, the difficulties posed in the newsletter article are still foreground.I tried to put them aside yet in the further recent email dialogue among this small group my nerve endings again became on fire. I trying to continue chewing in a careful vs. retroflectiveobsessive ; manner. I tuning into what Isabel said, and I quote her, "I do believe that history, as background does have an affect on the present, although it may not be apparent. I appreciate this thought, Isabel, and I join you in it although the selection of history that " comes to my mind is different than the selection you presented.Your selection, in combination with the newsletter distortions, made me feel rancor at the moment. I needed it to fire my writing and my rancor has subsided and been replaced by a desire for further shared explorations. There have been years of power shifts and struggles in the background that is AAGT's history.The rift meeting and its aftermath still show me the layers and layers of those struggles. I think if we could hear each other and name those struggles, putting aside for a moment the power needs of different groups and addressing the process of the development of the mutual? rancor ; we might have a better chance of holding the heat for a in my opinion ; higher value.one aspect of which is keeping us together, another aspect of which is necessarily "holding the heat!"I recalling putting out a public statement that was objecting in a strong manner to the style of conference-making that was developing and seeming to take over AAGT in a consuming way by the time of the San Francisco conference.And I wondering if in some way I now being paid back for it by what has just happened in the newsletter. I want to take responsibility for having done that. It was painful and startling, I sure, to those who were working so hard to make the conference at that time.And yet, also, I remembering the frustration of feeling at that time that the conference-making style left no way and seemingly no wish on the part of those with that style ; to listen to another side. ; If we are trying to continue as an association that is bringing all of us together, we have to have a way to hear each other now and to hear each other then as well. If my position could not be heard in an orderly way, naturally I would have to either go away from the association or I would have to get my position out in a way that some would find damaging to them and their desire to bring their style and benefits into our mix.I have always argued for inviting all into the mix and finding a way to do that that did not keep us undermining each other, and did keep us listening to each other. I can't exactly apologize for the affects of the statements that a few of us put out just preceding the San Francisco conference not without blood, sweat, tears and concern, I assure you all ; but in a desire to not have mutual listening cut off in our association.The struggle since has been to try to be listened to and maybe to have that effort then seen as "anarchistic. I can understand that it must feel terrible to be " working in a direction and have someone come along and totally object to that and feel that they are labeling and misunderstanding what I about.In fact, this is what keeps happening, I think, in the power struggles, shifting around the different aspects of our struggles. The above is what, so far, comes up for me in the chewing, and I present it to you all now as the recent updated form of Zelda's version. Love, Zelda FROM PERRY KLEPNER: In a message dated 5 3 2002 Eastern Daylight Time, Zel Norm writes: warts and al Hey Zelda, that won't fly with me. Your and Susan's comments are clear, bright, eloquent and quite beautiful--as you are. You both make music that Fritz might be dancing to, in heaven, if he were lucky. Thank you for bringing light to my our vision of your perspective. Love Perry.
Indomethacin dizziness
Hutt : how much childhood obesity can be blamed on the never-ending glut of unhealthy snacks specifically targeted to children and
isoniazid.
Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, La. ; talk, entitled "Proinflammatory cytokines and the function of the HPA axis: implications for psychiatric disorders, " was the impact of cytokines, particularly interleukin-1 IL-1 ; , on the hypothalamicpituitaryadrenal HPA ; axis. Administration of IL-1 to an animal produces rapid increases in adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH ; and corticosterone. IL-1 can activate the HPA axis at the hypothalamus, the pituitary or the adrenal cortex. Both subdiaphragmatic vagotomy and the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor indomethacin prevent the hypothalamic noradrenergic response to IL-1, as well as the plasma cortisol and ACTH responses. This suggests that IL-1 may be able to access the HPA axis at both the hypothalamic and pituitary adrenal levels. Under normal conditions, the HPA axis response is mediated by the hypothalamus; however, in pathological states the pituitary or adrenal may become able to respond. Other cytokines IL-6, 2, 10 and 12, tumour necrosis factor- [TNF-] ; and interferons interferon- [INF-] and INF-, leukocyte inhibitory factor [LIF] ; have the ability to induce HPA axis activity, but do not have the potency of IL-1. Dr. Dunn then reviewed current evidence for the cytokine hypothesis of depression. This hypothesis proposes that cytokine activation can induce depressive symptoms, that depressed patients often have activated immune systems, that immune diseases cause more depression than other diseases, that antidepressant drugs can prevent infection-related depressive symptoms, and that cytokines can act on the HPA axis and the noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. Dr. Dunn highlighted the variability of the evidence supporting these ideas, and suggested that cytokines are probably not sufficient causes of clinical depression, but may induce symptoms in some patients or exacerbate existing depressive symptoms. Dr. Cai Song University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown ; gave a lecture entitled "The role of cytokines in depressive illness: an update." Depression is a common side effect of serious illness, and it has been suggested that immune factors may be a cause. In the macrophage theory of depression, pro-inflammatory cytokines affect the brain and induce depression. In support of this theory Dr. Song detailed immune changes in depressed patients, such as an altered proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio and imbalances between T lymphocyte subtypes Th1 and Th2 cytokines. A possible mechanism for these depressive symptoms was suggested. The increases in cytokines seen in depression appear to reduce tryptophan availability through activation of a tryptophan-metabolizing enzyme, indoleamine dioxygenase IDO ; . Increases in IDO are also thought to reduce serotonin availability, by increasing monoamine oxidase activity, and to stimulate the HPA axis. Dr. Song detailed experiments in animal models demonstrating that the administration of pro-inflammatory cytokines induces signs of stress, anxiety and hopelessness. Administration of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF appears to induce changes in the plus-maze and Morris water maze tests. IL-1, IL-2 and IL-6 are also able to change the release of norepinephrine and serotonin and levels of the dopamine metabolite, homovanillic acid. Dr. Song then described differences in.
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